Electrolytes

Introduction Hypomagnesemia refers to a condition in which the level of magnesium in the blood falls below the normal range.

Introduction Magnesium is one of the most essential minerals in the human body. It participates in hundreds of biochemical reactions,

Introduction Hypokalemia refers to a serum potassium level below 3.5 mEq/L. Potassium is the most important intracellular cation and plays

Hyperkalemia is a potentially life-threatening electrolyte emergency that can cause fatal cardiac arrhythmias if not recognized early. Potassium is predominantly

Introduction Hypernatremia is a common electrolyte disorder characterized by elevated sodium levels in the blood, typically above 145 mEq/L. It

Approach to Hyponatremia begins with understanding that it is defined as serum sodium level less than 135 mEq/L. It is